PC-Lint与C\C++代码质量

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在大概看完了上述资料后，就可以把这个工具正式用于我们的程序了。
将该工具集成到VC++里是最常用到的，在网上也可以找到很多相关资料。
现在我简单的讲一下将它集成到Editpuls里，因为我比较喜欢用纯文本编辑器写代码，呵呵！

还是先看看网上的关于这方面的资料:-P
               http://xyzboard.com/?q=node/58

现在我写下我的经验：
在上述资料里有一些要修改的地方。

首先要注意Unix下xargs命令的使用。一定要给全路径！
比如我的是这样设参数项的：
$(FilePath) -name *.c -o -name *.cpp | D:\UnxUtils\usr\local\wbin\xargs
D:\Sources\PC-Lint\lint-nt -i"D:\UnxUtils\usr" -u D:\Sources\PC-Lint\std.lnt
D:\Sources\PC-Lint\env-vc6.lnt -w
也就是说xargs后的路径要给全。。。。

再有就是在编写std.lnt文件的时候要注意的，这个是我的std.lnt文件：
D:\Sources\PC-Lint\co-msc60.lnt

D:\Sources\PC-Lint\lib-w32.lnt

D:\Sources\PC-Lint\options.lnt -si4 -sp4

-i"D:\Microsoft Visual Studio 8;D:\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\include"

-wlib(0)

最后的-wlib(0)是取消对编译器库文件的审查，这个是相当重要的一个参数。如果
你只是想审查自己的代码的话，请加上这个参数。不然，就会对编译器的库函数也
进行审查。。。。想看看库文件的可以研究一下，呵呵！
好了，现在你就可以对自己的代码进行摸底咯~~~~

下面这个是我的一个数据结构的实验：Complex的代码
/**********************************************************************

  File name: Complex.h       
  Function: The description of complex class    
  Platform: Win Xp SP2       
  Compiler & Linker: CL.exe 8.0 (in Visual Studio 2005 SDK)         
  Programmer: 88250       
  Complete date: September 7, 2006    Version: 1.0   
  Blog: http://DL88250.ynutx.net     
  E-mail: DL88250@gmail.com      
  QQ: 845765 or 316281008      
  
 **********************************************************************/

＃i nclude <iostream>

using namespace std;

class complex
{
    public: // public interface
  complex(double r, double i); // constructor
  void assign(void); // user input to define a complex
  // overload operators to friend functions
  friend complex operator + (complex &c1, complex &c2); 
  friend complex operator - (complex &c1, complex &c2);
  friend complex operator * (complex &c1, complex &c2);
  friend complex operator / (complex &c1, complex &c2);
  friend ostream& operator << (ostream &out, complex x);
 private:
  double real;
  double imag;
};

/**********************************************************************
 
  File name: Complex.h       
  Function: A simple complex calculator demo    
  Platform: Win Xp SP2       
  Compiler & Linker: CL.exe 8.0 (in Visual Studio 2005 SDK)   
  Programmer: 88250       
  Complete date: September 7, 2006    Version: 1.0   
  Blog: http://DL88250.ynutx.net     
  E-mail: DL88250@gmail.com      
  QQ: 845765 or 316281008      
      
 **********************************************************************/

＃i nclude "Complex.h"

complex::complex(double r = 0.0, double i = 0.0)
{
 real = r;
 imag = i;
 return;
}

void complex::assign(void)
{
 cout << "Please input the real part : " << endl;
 cin >> real;
 cout << "Please input the imaginary part: " << endl;
 cin >> imag;

 return;
}
ostream& operator << (ostream &out, complex x)
{
 if (x.imag < 0)
 {
  return (out << x.real << " + " << "(" << x.imag << ")" << "i" <<
endl);
 }
 else
 {
  return (out << x.real << " + " << x.imag << "i" << endl);  
 }
} 

complex operator + (complex &c1, complex &c2)
{
 return complex(c1.real + c2.real, c1.imag + c2.imag); 
}

complex operator - (complex &c1, complex &c2)
{
 return complex(c1.real - c2.real, c1.imag - c2.imag); 
}

complex operator * (complex &c1, complex &c2)
{
 return complex((c1.real * c2.real - c1.imag * c2.imag)
       ,(c1.real * c2. imag + c2.real * c1.imag)); 
}

complex operator / (complex &c1, complex &c2)
{
 double denominator = c2.real * c2.real + c2.imag * c2.imag;
 return complex((c1.real * c2.real + c1.imag * c2.imag) / denominator
       ,(c1.imag * c2.real - c1.real * c2.imag) /
denominator); 
}

int main(void)
{
 complex c1(5, 4), c2(2, 10);
 
 cout << "c1 = " << c1;
 cout << "c2 = " << c2;

 cout << "c1 + c2 = " << c1 + c2;
 cout << "c1 - c2 = " << c1 - c2;
 cout << "c1 * c2 = " << c1 * c2;
 
 c1.assign();
 cout << "Current c1 = " << c1;
 c2.assign();
 cout << "Current c2 = " << c2;
 cout <<"c1 / c2 = " << c1 / c2;

 return 0;
}

现在用PC-Lint审查一下：

PC-lint for C/C++ (NT) Ver. 8.00e, Copyright Gimpel Software 1985-2001

--- Module:   D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp
};
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.h(33): error 1712: (Info -- default co
nstructor not defined for class 'complex')
*/

D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.h(70): error 783: (Info -- Line does n
ot end with new-line)
}
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(44): error 1746: (Info -- paramete
r 'x' in function 'operator<<(std::basic_ostream<char,std::char_traits<char>> &,
 complex)' could be made const reference)
}
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(49): error 1764: (Info -- Referenc
e parameter 'c1' (line 46) could be declared const ref)
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(46): error 830: (Info -- Location
cited in prior message)
}
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(49): error 1764: (Info -- Referenc
e parameter 'c2' (line 46) could be declared const ref)
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(46): error 830: (Info -- Location
cited in prior message)
}
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(54): error 1764: (Info -- Referenc
e parameter 'c1' (line 51) could be declared const ref)
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(51): error 830: (Info -- Location
cited in prior message)
}
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(54): error 1764: (Info -- Referenc
e parameter 'c2' (line 51) could be declared const ref)
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(51): error 830: (Info -- Location
cited in prior message)
}
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(60): error 1764: (Info -- Referenc
e parameter 'c1' (line 56) could be declared const ref)
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(56): error 830: (Info -- Location
cited in prior message)
}
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(60): error 1764: (Info -- Referenc
e parameter 'c2' (line 56) could be declared const ref)
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(56): error 830: (Info -- Location
cited in prior message)
}
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(68): error 1764: (Info -- Referenc
e parameter 'c1' (line 62) could be declared const ref)
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(62): error 830: (Info -- Location
cited in prior message)
}
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(68): error 1764: (Info -- Referenc
e parameter 'c2' (line 62) could be declared const ref)
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(62): error 830: (Info -- Location
cited in prior message)
    complex c1(5, 4), c2(2, 10);
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(72): error 747: (Info -- Significa
nt prototype coercion (arg. no. 1) int to double)
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(72): error 747: (Info -- Significa
nt prototype coercion (arg. no. 2) int to double)
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(72): error 747: (Info -- Significa
nt prototype coercion (arg. no. 1) int to double)
D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(72): error 747: (Info -- Significa
nt prototype coercion (arg. no. 2) int to double)
}

D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp(88): error 783: (Info -- Line does
 not end with new-line)

--- Global Wrap-up

 error 1754: (Info -- Expected symbol 'operator*=' to be declared for class 'com
plex')
 error 1754: (Info -- Expected symbol 'operator+=' to be declared for class 'com
plex')
 error 1754: (Info -- Expected symbol 'operator-=' to be declared for class 'com
plex')
 error 1754: (Info -- Expected symbol 'operator/=' to be declared for class 'com
plex')
 error 900: (Note -- Successful completion, 28 messages produced)
请按任意键继续. . .

哎。。。。问题好多。。。。

改了下代码：
/**********************************************************************

  File name: Complex.h       
  Function: The description of complex class    
  Platform: Win Xp SP2       
  Compiler & Linker: CL.exe 8.0 (in Visual Studio 2005 SDK)         
  Programmer: 88250       
  Complete date: September 7, 2006    Version: 1.0   
  Blog: http://DL88250.ynutx.net     
  E-mail: DL88250@gmail.com      
  QQ: 845765 or 316281008      
  
 **********************************************************************/

＃i nclude <iostream>

using namespace std;

class complex
{
    public: // public interface
  complex(double r, double i); // constructor
  complex(void); // void constructor
  void assign(void); // user input to define a complex
  // overload operators to friend functions
  friend complex operator + (const complex &c1,
        const complex &c2); 
  friend complex operator - (const complex &c1,
        const complex &c2);
  friend complex operator * (const complex &c1,
        const complex &c2);
  friend complex operator / (const complex &c1,
        const complex &c2);
  friend ostream& operator << (ostream &out, const complex &x);
 private:
  double real;
  double imag;
};

/**********************************************************************
 
  File name: Complex.h       
  Function: A simple complex calculator demo    
  Platform: Win Xp SP2       
  Compiler & Linker: CL.exe 8.0 (in Visual Studio 2005 SDK)   
  Programmer: 88250       
  Complete date: September 7, 2006    Version: 1.0   
  Blog: http://DL88250.ynutx.net     
  E-mail: DL88250@gmail.com      
  QQ: 845765 or 316281008      
      
 **********************************************************************/

＃i nclude "Complex.h"

complex::complex(void)
{
 real = 0;
 imag = 0;

 return;
}

complex::complex(double r = 0.0, double i = 0.0)
{
 real = r;
 imag = i;
 return;
}

void complex::assign(void)
{
 cout << "Please input the real part : " << endl;
 cin >> real;
 cout << "Please input the imaginary part: " << endl;
 cin >> imag;

 return;
}
ostream& operator << (ostream &out, const complex &x)
{
 if (x.imag < 0)
 {
  return (out << x.real << " + " << "(" << x.imag << ")" << "i" <<
endl);
 }
 else
 {
  return (out << x.real << " + " << x.imag << "i" << endl);  
 }
} 

complex operator + (const complex &c1, const complex &c2)
{
 return complex(c1.real + c2.real, c1.imag + c2.imag); 
}

complex operator - (const complex &c1, const complex &c2)
{
 return complex(c1.real - c2.real, c1.imag - c2.imag); 
}

complex operator * (const complex &c1, const complex &c2)
{
 return complex((c1.real * c2.real - c1.imag * c2.imag)
       ,(c1.real * c2. imag + c2.real * c1.imag)); 
}

complex operator / (const complex &c1, const complex &c2)
{
 double denominator = c2.real * c2.real + c2.imag * c2.imag;
 return complex((c1.real * c2.real + c1.imag * c2.imag) / denominator
       ,(c1.imag * c2.real - c1.real * c2.imag) /
   denominator); 
}

int main(void)
{
 complex c1(5.0, 4.0), c2(2.0, 10.0);
 
 cout << "c1 = " << c1;
 cout << "c2 = " << c2;

 cout << "c1 + c2 = " << c1 + c2;
 cout << "c1 - c2 = " << c1 - c2;
 cout << "c1 * c2 = " << c1 * c2;
 
 c1.assign();
 cout << "Current c1 = " << c1;
 c2.assign();
 cout << "Current c2 = " << c2;
 cout <<"c1 / c2 = " << c1 / c2;

 return 0;
}

现在好多了：

PC-lint for C/C++ (NT) Ver. 8.00e, Copyright Gimpel Software 1985-2001

--- Module:   D:\Sources\C++\DataStructure\Exp1\Complex.cpp

--- Global Wrap-up

 error 1754: (Info -- Expected symbol 'operator*=' to be declared for class 'com
plex')
 error 1754: (Info -- Expected symbol 'operator+=' to be declared for class 'com
plex')
 error 1754: (Info -- Expected symbol 'operator-=' to be declared for class 'com
plex')
 error 1754: (Info -- Expected symbol 'operator/=' to be declared for class 'com
plex')
D:\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\include\xutility(873): error 628: (Warning -- no
 argument information provided for function 'std::__is_base_of()' (line 873, fil
e D:\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\include\xutility))
 error 900: (Note -- Successful completion, 5 messages produced)
请按任意键继续. . .

关于剩下的问题可以参看PC-Lint目录下的msg.txt文件，里面有详细的解释。。。。
哎。。。。闪人咯~~~~
:-P

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